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We propose a method to assess the distribution of plant assemblages along rivers delimiting homogeneous fluvial types using cluster analysis applied to morphological features, quantified with aerial photos and geographic information system software. A stratified random sampling design along the elevational gradient was used to analyze riparian plant species. Multivariate statistics were applied to...
The effects of proposed impoundments and resulting streamflow regulation on riparian wetlands in the Marmaton River Basin, Missouri, USA were determined using measurements and numerical simulations of wetland water budgets. Calibrated and validated Soil-Plant-Air-Water (SPAW) models were used to simulate daily water depths of four riparian wetlands for Current (model scenario of existing impoundments)...
The distribution of carbon (C) within a salt marsh may vary among vegetation zones depending on production and decomposition dynamics and organic and mineral depositional history. We examined spatial and temporal variation of plant and soil C pools within a salt marsh fringing a coastal lagoon along the mid-Atlantic coast of the U.S. The total plant C pool increased from high marsh shrub to low marsh...
Wetlands are important to boreal catchment hydrology and water chemistry regimes because they are often situated at the outlet of headwater basins. There is understanding of runoff and geochemical processes that predominate in these wetlands. However, an investigation to improve understanding of the dynamic of hydrological function is absent. This paper addresses the nature of the collection, storage,...
Populations of many North American secretive marsh birds (SMBs) have declined in recent decades, partially as a function of wetland loss. Protecting and restoring appropriate habitat for these species is contingent upon understanding the habitat features they utilize. We investigated breeding distributions of SMBs in northeast Louisiana at 118 wetlands in 2007 and 2008 and modeled species occupancy...
We analyzed the algal composition (including Cyanobacteria) of epiphyton on macrophytes and the environmental data from five water bodies of a wetland from the Natural Reserve Otamendi (NRO) located in the Paraná River Basin, South America, during one year. Also, we described the diversity patterns (α, β, and γ diversity) of the epiphyton in the wetland. We selected two different macrophytes: the...
Most salt marshes are dominated by graminoids, but patches dominated by a diverse assemblage of perennial forbs, known as forb pannes, occur on marshes in north temperate areas. These pannes and their associated species diversity appear to be highly responsive to anthropogenic change, including climate warming. We mapped all of the forb pannes on a salt marsh in Wells, Maine in order to 1) determine...
Recognizing and mapping wetlands in the Amazon coastal from optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is critical to understand coastal evolution. Multispectral optical images are obtained only during the dry season, while SAR images can be acquired throughout the year, but present low spectral resolution. The aim of this paper was to investigate the use of remote sensing images, which allowed...
Higher Diptera (Schizophora) are taxonomically and ecologically diverse, and include bog specialist and bog-associated species known to respond to peatland disturbance. We examined the effects of three factors (habitat size, vegetation cover and surrounding land use measured in concentric circles of 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 m radii from the sampling location) on Schizophora species richness, diversity,...
Nightlight surveys are commonly used to evaluate status and trends of crocodilian populations, but imperfect detection caused by survey- and location-specific factors makes it difficult to draw population inferences accurately from uncorrected data. We used a two-stage hierarchical model comprising population abundance and detection probability to examine recent abundance trends of American alligators...
Gulf of Mexico (GOM) coastal wetlands contribute to human well-being by providing many ecosystem services. The GOM region continues to experience substantial losses of coastal wetlands, but the magnitude of reduction in ecosystem services resulting from the loss of GOM coastal wetlands is unknown. To gain an appreciation of the impact of GOM coastal wetland loss on ecosystem services, recent literature...
Many isolated wetlands that fill by rainfall, such as playas, have been affected by sedimentation in heavily modified agricultural landscapes. Conservation plantings and buffers reduce sedimentation in wetlands but also may reduce the frequency of inundation. We studied the effects of surrounding landcover on the responses of playas in southwestern Nebraska to heavy rain events using aerial photography,...
Trichloroethene (TCE) can undergo natural attenuation within wetland environments, particularly by oxidative processes that occur in the vegetated subsurface. The goal of this study was to evaluate TCE degradation potential through aerobic cometabolism by methane-oxidizing microorganisms associated with the roots of wetland plant species, Carex comosa and Scirpus atrovirens. The degradation experiments...
Macroinvertebrates are increasingly used as indicators of wetland integrity and productivity. However, accurate interpretation of biological information depends on effective sampling methods, which are also preferably cost-effective. We compared sampling yield, precision, and cost-effectiveness of two traditional wetland sampling methods (dipnet, stove pipe corer) to a dipnet combined with a dropframe...
The effects of fire on wetland vegetation in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States are poorly known, despite the historical use of fire by federal, state, and private landowners in the Chesapeake Bay Region. Prescribed fire is widely used by land managers to promote vegetation that is beneficial to migratory waterfowl, muskrats, and other native wildlife and to reduce competition from less...
Previous studies have concluded that biological control of Lythrum salicaria may not be possible in tidal environments because the biological control agents are easily removed from their host plants by tidal action. In this study, we examined the spatial relationships between L. salicaria, its biocontrol agents, and the agents’ feeding damage in relation to elevation using Spatial Analysis by Distance...
Current understanding of the soil organic matter (SOM) transformation pathways and mechanisms in coastal wetland ecosystems is limited. This study was carried out to characterize and compare chemical composition of belowground SOM from a freshwater marsh and a saline marsh in coastal Louisiana. Composite samples at three depths (0–50, 50–100, and 100–150 cm) from each site were collected and characterized...
Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide (CO2) was measured at Zoige wetland using the eddy covariance technique. Analysis of CO2 fluxes in two years showed Zoige wetland was a net CO2 sink of −47.1 and −79.7 g C m−2 a−1 in 2008 and 2009, respectively. The peak NEE value was −0.54 mg CO2 m−2 s−1 (the negative value signifies net ecosystem carbon gain from air). The maximal daily integrated NEE...
Changes in climate and land use pressures in the boreal region may influence peatland stream sediment organic carbon (C) dynamics. Fifteen to 50% of stream sediment organic C resides in recalcitrant pools, with the lipids accounting for up to 25% of the peatland C pool. Nevertheless, lipid mineralization within peatlands and their draining stream sediments is poorly understood. Potential esterase...
Among the least studied ecosystem services of mangroves is their value as global carbon (C) stocks. This is significant as mangroves are subject to rapid rates of deforestation and therefore could be significant sources of atmospheric emissions. Mangroves could be key ecosystems in strategies addressing the mitigation of climate change though reduced deforestation. We quantified ecosystem C stocks...
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